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Proportional to HTML entity ∝
∝ is the HTML entity for Proportional to ∝ (U+221D). Copy the decimal ∝ and hex ∝ codes plus CSS, JavaScript, Python and URL escapes.
- Entity
∝- Also written
∝∝∝∝- Code point
- U+221D
- Unicode name
- PROPORTIONAL TO
- Block
- Mathematical Operators
- Category
- Math symbol (Sm)
- Since
- Unicode 1.1
- Defined in
- HTML 4.01 and HTML5
Codes to copy
| HTML named | ∝Works in HTML; in XML only & < > " ' are predefined. | |
|---|---|---|
| HTML decimal | ∝Works in HTML and XML. | |
| HTML hex | ∝Works in HTML and XML. | |
| CSS | content: "\221D";In a stylesheet, for ::before and ::after. | |
| JavaScript | "\u221D"Also valid in JSON. | |
| Python | "\u221d"Python 3 string literal. | |
| Python by name | "\N{PROPORTIONAL TO}"Readable alternative using the Unicode name. | |
| URL | %E2%88%9DPercent-encoded UTF-8 bytes, for a path or query value. | |
| UTF-8 bytes | E2 88 9D3 bytes. | |
| UTF-16 | 221D1 code unit, which is what JavaScript length counts. |
When to use it
∝ writes U+221D (Proportional to), a maths symbol from the Unicode Mathematical Operators block, encoded since Unicode 1.1. For more than a symbol or two, MathML, supported in all major browsers since 2023, gives proper maths spacing and layout.
The name dates from HTML 4, so it works in every browser and in old email clients.
More maths operators
∟Right Angle∘Ring Operator∠Angle∗Asterisk Operator∡Measured Angle∖Set Minus∢Spherical Angle∔Dot Plus
All maths operators · Every HTML entity · Encode or decode text
Source: the WHATWG HTML Standard list of named character references and the Unicode Character Database (Unicode 18.0).